Low Cost PBX for Communication

Low Cost PBX for Communication [Turki Muteb Turki Alharbi 202524020] [Hamadi Mahdi Salem Alyami 202524033] Table of Figures Figure 1: Example of two branches connected together.. Figure 2: PSTN. Figure 3: how to download from website Figure 4: installation prompt.. Figure 5: installing packages. Figure 6: configure the network.. Figure 7: Time zone Figure 8: Root password.. Figure 9: PBX login page. Figure 10: the page after you login.. Figure 11: web application setting Figure 12: add extensions Figure 13:PJSIP extension Figure 14: User setting Figure 15: Aplly the user.. Figure 16: Zoiper logo. Figure 17: creating a user. Figure 18: Account type.. Figure 19: fill the user information Figure 20: telephones communication.. Using an IP based PBX, companies can facilitate high quality voice communication between branches over a WAN, thereby not paying PSTN rates. By connecting incoming PSTN lines with the PBX system, incoming calls can be routed to different branches over a WAN. Outbound calls can also be routed to the best value trunking providers, reducing outbound call costs. The Asterisk project started in 1999 when Mark Spencer released the initial code under the GPL open source license. Since that time, it has been enhanced and tested by a global community of thousands. Today, Asterisk is maintained by the combined efforts of Digium and the Asterisk community. 1.1. Problem definition Quick and efficient communication between employees is an essential business requirement. Unfortunately, companies often suffer high costs in facilitating phone communication between employees at different branches. 1.2. Solution to this problem To solve the problem you have to use Asterisk to add PBX with low cost. Asterisk is an open source framework for building communications applications. Asterisk turns an ordinary computer into a communications server. Asterisk powers IP PBX systems, VoIP gateways, conference servers and other custom solutions. It is used by small businesses, large businesses, call centers, carriers and government agencies, worldwide. Asterisk is free and open source. Asterisk is sponsored by Digium. Today, there are more than one million Asterisk-based communications systems in use, in more than 170 countries. Asterisk is used by almost the entire Fortune 1000 list of customers. Most often deployed by system integrators and developers, Asterisk can become the basis for a complete business phone system, or used to enhance or extend an existing system, or to bridge a gap between systems. Most Asterisk-based systems and solutions require additional components: phones, gateway appliances or interface cards and other hardware. Companies that deploy open source solutions frequently need training and often prefer to have support from a trusted partner. Digium meets all of these needs with a family of product and service offerings built exclusively for the Asterisk market. 2.1. How it works Figure 1: Example of two branches connected together Figure1 shows you how Asterisk connects two branches together even if the next branch is with long distance. Figure 2: PSTN In figure 2 you can see the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), which refers to the international telephone system based on copper wires carrying analog voice data. This is in contrast to newer telephone networks base on digital technologies. PSTN uses circuit switching to allow users to make landline telephone calls to one another. The call is placed after it is routed through multiple switches. These switches are found in a central office (CO) or in a wire center. Ultimately, voice signals are able to travel over the connected phone lines. When two telephones are connected, analog voice data is transmitted over the copper wires of the PSTN. The voice data is then converted into electrical signals which are eventually routed in the switching centers. Finally, a connection is made and communication is possible. The version that we are installing is a free version of ASTERISK. You have to follow these steps in order to install the ASTERISK. 3.1. Download the ISO In order in install the program you have to download the ISO version and this version is online Figure 3: how to download from website You have to go on www.asterisk.org/downloads (Figure 3) then click on Asterisk software PBX and go to Asterisk NOW 6.12 and chose what your computer can handle whether 64bit or 32bit. In our installation we chose 64bit. 3.2. Open the installation file Select a computer to install the freePBX Distro on. everything on this computer will be deleted and replaced with the freePBX distro. Configure the computer to boot from a DVD or CD. Insert the DVD or CD into the computer and turn it on. 3.3. Choose full setup Figure 4: installation prompt As in figure 4 the installer will begin with a prompt to select what you want, we chose the Asterisk Version Full to install. 3.4. Packages installs Figure 5: installing packages In figure 5 the system will present downloads of the install package from the internet. That should take 3-5 minutes. 3.5. Configure the network In figure 6 you will see option to configure your network. The default selections are fine in most cases, so just press TAB until the red OK box is highlighted in white and then press ENTER. Figure 6: configure the network 3.6. Time zone selection In figure 7 you will reach the Time Zone Selection screen. If your system clock uses GMT (most do not) Use the up and down arrows to select the time zone where you will use the system, and then hit TAB until the red OK button is highlighted in white. Then hit ENTER. Figure 7: Time zone 3.7. Choose your root password In figure 8 the installer will ask you to select your Root password. The Root password is the password youll use to login to the Linux command prompt later. Selecting a secure password is very important. Type the password, hit TAB, type it again, hit TAB, and then hit ENTER. Figure 8: Root password The installer will install the boot loader and some other scripts, and then reboot your computer again. 4.1. How to login Figure 9: PBX login page Figure 9 shows you the login screen when you want to run the PBX. Figure 10: the page after you login In figure 10 the important thing is the IP. We have to take this IP to run in on web browser to login into web application to add users. 4.2. Web application Figure 11: web application setting Figure 12: add extensions Figure 12 is the next page of figure 11. Click on add new PJSIP extension. 4.3. Add telephone The next steps explain how to add a telephone line and follow these instructions to complete of create new user. 4.3.1. Add a user in PJSIP extension Figure 13:PJSIP extension In figure 13 you have many things to fill out. First thing is the name of user extension and that must not a copy of old user extension. Second thing is the display name that is shows to you in VOIP witch is refer to the person who call. Figure 14: User setting In figure 14 which is the user setting you have to select the permissions that you want to apply in this user. Then click on submit. 4.3.2. Apply the user Figure 15: Aplly the user When you create a user you have to apply this user, without applying the user it will not work well. Figure 16: Zoiper logo 5.1. Create a user in zoiper Figure 17: creating a user Figure 18: Account type Figure 19: fill the user information In figure 19 we have two parts the one in right is coming from the web application CPannel and the one in left coming from Zoiper. What you have to do is to fill the same information in the right to the left. There something addition which is the IP. You can see the IP in figure 10. 5.2. The connection between two telephones Figure 20: telephones communication In figure 20 you can see what happen when you call from telephone to another. As we saw before that Asterisk can connect two branches or more together we will illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of using Asterisk. 6.1. Advantage of using Asterisk 6.1.1. Lowest cost Asterisk is open source which means that you can download and use it for free without any charge and you can make free calls between branches even if the branches in your country or outside. 6.2. Disadvantage of using Asterisk 6.2.1. Does not support all telephones The telephone that is used SCCP cannot communicate with telephone use SIP. Asterisk support SIP only. [1]http://www.asterisk.org/. [2]http://www.voip-info.org/, . [3]https://coredial.com, [. [4]https://en.wikipedia.org, . [5]https://www.digium.com, . [6]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgs0GR4ylxA,

The History of the Boston Massacre

I was interested in the Boston Massacre and found many testimonies and other primary resources there. However, as I read through I was intrigued by a comment in my readings about Captain Thomas Preston’s â€Å"London Letter†. In Preston’s letter to London, he intended only Londoners to read it and when the article was later published in the Boston Gazette it added annoyance to the already frustrated public in Boston. I was now, intrigued and determined to find Captain Preston’s newspaper article. I, then, asked for help from the research and technology desk.They guided me through the library database to find a website called American Historical Newspapers. They had many articles from 1700-1850 and I was able to find the actual article, with Captain Preston’s recollection of the â€Å"unhappy affair† (Preston’s quote), posted in the Boston Gazette from June 25th 1770, as well as, the original letter to London first published, in April 2 8th, in the London newspaper the Essex Gazette. Originally this article was a letter sent by Captain Thomas Preston, to London intended for â€Å"His Majesty† the king. The letter was delivered to the Essex Gazette, a London newspaper, and printed in April 28th 1770.Captain Preston produced this account of what came to be known as the Boston Massacre, after being jailed and accused of ordering his men to â€Å"fire on a crowd of angry townspeople†. Two months later, (the amount of time it takes to get to America from London by ship) the Boston Gazette published Captain Preston’s article under the headline, â€Å"A Narrative of the Late Transactions at Boston. † During the trial of Captain Preston and his soldiers, copies of â€Å"A Narrative of the Late Transactions at Boston† began to circulate around Boston and surrounding areas.Captain Preston’s descriptions of the events were biased and unsympathetic to the townspeople, painting a pictur e of the soldiers trying to do their job and the townspeople not abiding and being â€Å"unruly† and â€Å"abusive†. Captain Preston declares that leading up to the incident the townspeople had increasingly â€Å"provoked and abused the soldiers†. Furthermore, Preston explains that an informant had warned him that there was a â€Å"mob† of angry townspeople that were planning to storm his soldier’s barracks â€Å"carry off a soldier and murder him†.Preston goes so far as to pin the guilt of giving the order to shoot by yelling â€Å"fire, fire† on members of the â€Å"unruly mob† and assures the reader that he was yelling â€Å"don’t fire†. Captain Preston never deviates from the staunch defense of his innocence and the threat to himself and his soldier’s lives throughout his entire narrative. Preston’s article being published in the Essex Gazette reveals that he is attempting to rally support for hi s innocence, from not only the king but all of London too. When the Boston Gazette printed the article they did not change the words of Captain Preston’s letter to London.They instead must have realized their audience, the Boston public, would receive Captain Preston’s description of the events much differently than the king or the people of London did. However, the Boston Gazette editor does put a negative introduction of the article at the top of Captain Preston’s letter to London, stating â€Å"how greatly the conduct of the town has been misrepresented. † This quote reveals the stark contrast of interpretation of the letter between the king of England and the Boston public.Both newspapers print the same article but have two completely different audiences with two completely different opinions of the need for British troops in Boston. The American Promise text, uses a more comprehensive approach when explaining the events of the Boston Massacre. The te xt gives more information about the transactions between the Bostonians and the soldiers leading up to the bloodshed on March 5th, 1770. For example, the soldiers are explained as â€Å"grating on the nerves of the Bostonians† by conducting drills on the town Common and â€Å"playing loud music on the Sabbath†, a day of rest and contemplation for the townspeople.Furthermore, during this time, colonists were beginning to assert their independence from England by boycotting trade with the Nonconsumption Agreements in 1768 and the Virginia Resolves in 1765. This period of time in the colonies is glutted with conflict between the uncompromising rule of the monarchy of England and the desire for representation and independence of the colonies. These two aforementioned Captain Preston’s recollection of the events were, like all peoples point of view, biased and sympathetic to oneself. The Bostonians had a contrasting interpretation of the events.And the textbook seems to collect all of these opinions and present them the best that it can. By reading Captain Preston’s primary document about the Boston Massacre, one can get a deeper understanding of what his emotional response was to the events. Reading someone’s opinion of an event draws the reader into the author’s point of view for a few moments and allows one to begin to understand what it must have felt like for the author. Primary documents have are a great way to step back in time and look at the world through someone else’s eyes. Someone who has grown up in a different place with different rules and standards.

How to Choose Essay Samples for Middle School Students

How to Choose Essay Samples for Middle School Students Consider the piles and stacks of essays that you may have to read. It is a good idea to look for the one which has an excellent reputation and offers high-quality papers at inexpensive rates. PaperCoach can assist you with all your papers, so take a look at this time! Well, grading papers are often quite dull. Working to an argumentative essay when you're learning first steps, isn't an easy undertaking to do. Most students wind up summarizing literature rather than doing an intuitive analysis. You may spot common writing problems by simply reviewing your sons' and daughters' essays and other writing homework. When you order your essay from us, you are ensured an excellent paper in time. Your paper should be outlined before you start writing. Next, before starting the true essay, an individual ought to consider the thesis statement, which is among the most crucial sections of any essay. The cost of an essay rides on the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. As an amateur writer, you may use completely free on-line citation generators. The very first sentence of the essay has to be interesting enough to create the reader read on. What to Do About Essay Samples for Middle School Students Even though a very good school and excellent teachers are paramount to writing mastery, there are lots of methods you're able to help your children enjoy and boost their writing. Sometimes they give individual topics to each student, and sometimes they don't. There are times some teachers aren't professional or don't explain a few of the lessons well. Among the very best teacher resume tips is to tailor your work search documents to the particular teaching position you're applying for. Proofreading is of extreme importance when you need to land that coveted teaching job. Furthermore, the procedure for transitioning from grade school can be rough, with increased academic expectations and societal adjustments. You should have your reasons, and our primary concern is that you wind up getting a great grade. The issue might be more acute at schools like my own, where the majority of the students read significantly below grade level, but it's just a matter of degree. How to Get Started with Essay Samples for Middle School Students? Women are facing challenges when they're championing for social shift. Awards are proof of your abilities and ought to be showcased. Education plays an important part in shaping successful individuals. It is an important medium of acquiring essential knowledge and skills. Because of this, an individual would suggest how they can turn into a useful innovation in the educational approach. The ability to supply information in various contexts is vital to effective communication. It's needless to say that you should decide on a subject that you regard as interesting. Writing problems may be an indication of other learning problems, so look at consulting the proper professionals if that's your concern. The Hidden Truth About Essay Samples for Middle School Students Now you own a body paragraph. Following that, you should decide how many body paragraphs you are going to have based on the sort of your analysis. For that you'll get some completely free point we're sure! The best thing about introducing your key points in the very first paragraph is it supplies an outline for your body paragraphs and eradicates the need to write in transitions between paragraphs. Bear in mind that you may make funny argumentative essays if you do a few things. To fully grasp how women are portrayed as activists, it is crucial to have knowledge on the plot of the film. In the event you cannot find your subject here, don't hesitate to have a talk with our staff and put an order for a customized history essay on your specific subject. To successfully introduce the notion that history is a collection of arguments supported by evidence, students have to be able to recognize and locate evidence by themselves. Finding Essay Samples for Middle School Students Choose something you're in a position to discuss or describe and something which will present your good qualities to your teacher. Every one of the ideas above will provide you with a chance to reveal your creative side and capacity to talk about your opinion. In any event, you should anticipate outstanding work. Both elements need to be there.

Learning Styles, Time Management And Reflection - 1989 Words

Study Skills INTRODUCTION The purpose of this essay is to cover 3 key areas in Study Skills that will aid the author to develop both in life, and in higher education. Cottrell (2008) suggests a skill is a learned activity.-something you can develop through practice and reflection. You can fine-tune skills, including study skills, just as runners perfect their movement, breathing and pacing. There are many different reflection frameworks to use when learning and one of these frameworks will be discussed in further, detail that aided the author to develop further within the Study Skills module. Reflective practice began with the oxymoron of certain uncertainty which is at the heart of reflective practice. (Bolton 2010) The three areas the author has chosen to discuss are Learning Styles, Time Management and Reflection. These three areas have enabled the author throughout the module, develop as a learner in higher education in preparation for the Return to Practice nursing course. The author has been away from study for several years so this Study Skills module will assist the writer to become familiar once again with higher academic study and succeed in becoming a staff nurse once more. The author kept a learning journal week by week of the progress made throughout the study skills module, this has enabled the author to identify the strengths and weaknesses in relation to studying. It is paramount as Healthcare Professionals to keep up-to-date with continuous professionalShow MoreRelatedA Personal Reflection of the Visual Learner1198 Words   |  5 PagesA Personal Reflection of the Visual Learner: Self-Assessment and Reflection Paper. Vivian Hamilton August 16, 2014 Professor: Jon Vernon Com/516 Personal Learning Style â€Å"Vision is the art of seeing the invisible† quoted by Johnathan Swift. I am a visual thinker. This learning style is personal to me because not only do I process given information visually I perceive everything as a visual learner. 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Patricia Cross, Higher Education Professor Emeritus, writes, What we know about student learning is that students who are actively engaged in learning for deeper understanding are likely to learn more than students not so engaged. So student learning results from student engagementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the combination of time and energy committed. Therefore, if we are to stimulate student learning, we have to persuade our students to commit their time and energy. We must try